Combined level and plumb.



No. 628,334. Patented luly 4, |899. J; KEYSER & C. RCHE.

CUMBINED LEVEL AND PLUMB.

(Application tiled Jly 28, 1898.)`

QNo Model.)

vas

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.v

JAMES KEYsEE AND CHARLES ROCHE, oE'SLIDELL, LOUISIANA.

COMBINED LEVEL AND PLUMB.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 628,334, dated July 4, 1899.

Application filed J'uly 28,1898.

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that we, JAMES KEYSER and CHARLES RooHE,citizens of the United States, residing at Slidell, in the parish of St. Tammany and State of Louisiana, -have invented new and useful Improvements in a Combined Level and Plumb, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in combined levels and plumbs in which neither spirit nor cord is employed; and it contemplates the construction of such a device at a comparatively small expense and one in which the parts are not liable to become injured or get out of orderI by exposure and rough usage.

The invention and its advantages will appearfrom the following description and claim when taken in connection with the annexed drawings, in which- Figure lis a front view of our improved device. Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken in the plane indicated by the dotted line 2 2 on Fig. i, and Fig. 3 is a perspectiveview of the needleor pendulum.

Referring by letter to said drawings, A indicates the body of our improved device. This body is Vof the size and form usually employed, and may be composed of wood or other suitable material having its edges planed true, and is provided centrally with a transverse opening u, which may b e circular, and this opening is provided with two circular grooves or'rabbets b, for a purpose which will presently appear.

B indicates two similar disks.v These disks may be composed of sheet metal or other suitable 1naterial,havinginwardly-directed annular portions cland laterally-disposed marginal flanges e. The portions dhave marked upon their outer sides the degrees of a circle, and

they are disposed to each other in a slightlyconverging manner, as -better shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings, so that their inner edges are closer together than their outer or flanged edges, and the iianges e' are placed snugly in the circular recesses or rabbets b of the body A and are covered by crystals C, which are 'of circular form and are placed against the edges of the ilanges e and also in the rabbets b. These crystals or transparent disks are held in position by means of rings D, which serial No. 687,127. (No motel.)

are also placed in rabbets or recesses f, formed A in the opposite outer faces ofthe body, and Such rings,which are secu red by screws or the like, extend sufficiently into the opening a to firmly engage and hold the disks or crystals,

and consequentlyY the dials, in a Iirm and subi stantial manner.

E indicates the needle or pendulum. This pendulum, as better shown in Fig. 3 of the.

drawings, has its lower end weighted or enlarged, as shown at g, and its upper or opposite end is forked, so as to provide two pointers h. These branches of the fork which form the pointers are here shown and in practice are preferably of a compound curvature, so

that one may pass over the outside of each graduated disk, while the pendulum may re- This pendulum is provided at a suitable point in its length with laterally-disposed studs or journals t', and the ends of such journals are tapered, vso as to enter recesses j, cut orformed at diametrically opposite points in the inner sides of the crystals C. This construction permits of a bearing having but little friction. The parts are all so closely and snugly arranged as to exclude dust and moisture, which is an important desideratum, and yet should any of the parts become broken or injured they can be readily removed and replaced by others without the employment of skilled labor.

With a device of this construction it will be seen that we have all the advantages of both a plumb and a level Without the disadvantages of either;

Having thus described 'our invention, what we claim is The improved level and plumb described consisting essentially of the body A having the central transverse opening a and the inner circular grooves or rabbets l) and the outer grooves or rabbets f in the opposite sides of the body and surrounding the opening, the two disks B having the yinwardly-directed, annular portions (Z arranged at an interval so roo as to allow a space between them, and also having the laterally-disposed flanges e arranged in Iche rabbets b, the two crystals C plaeed against the lateral anges of Ihe disks B, the rings D securing the crystals and disks in position, and the pendulum E having the central journal with pointed ends and bearing in the crystals, said pendulum having its lower end Weighted and arranged between the disks B and its opposite end. forked and curved as shown so thatvone branch will pass on the outer side of eaeh disk, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto set ourhands inpresenee of two subscribing Wit- I5 nesses.

JAMES KEYSER. CHARLES ROCHE.

Titnessesz LoUis RIVERA, WILLIAM l). KILLELEA. 

